A possibilidade de inserção e aplicabilidade da análise de discurso na formação jornalística: uma revisão teórica com vistas à análise da cobertura das eleições presidenciais de 2014 no Brasil

Abstract

The Phd thesis, presented here, analyzes the coverage of the 2014 presidential elections in Brazil, dealing with issues related to the application and applicability of the analysis of pecheuxtiana discourse in the field of journalistic training. We consider the discursive functioning of Brazilian journalism, in its different forms of materialization, we can identify significant contributions of DA to the practice of professional practice. When we make such an analysis, in communication groups registered in antagonistic discursive formations (FDI / Grupo Folha and FDCI / Rede Brasil Atual), it is identified according to the report. In order to better organize this research, we have chosen to divide it into four chapters. In the first one, we present the analytical corpus and define the methodology employed, emphasizing that the analysis of the selected material occurs in the course of all the work. The second chapter is dedicated to a (re) reading of the main theories of journalism under the bias of DA. This theoretical path allows us to understand the proximity - and, above all, distancing - between the currents of thought in vogue, today, in the process of training Brazilian journalists. From there, we discuss the pertinence of the inclusion of the discursive theory that we are proposing in the process of training the professional of the area. With the third chapter, we began to demonstrate the heterogeneous nature of journalistic texts, advancing in the interpretive gestures necessary to think about the journalist's role, redefining concepts and demonstrating, through different discursive materialities, how the production of meanings in the Brazilian journalism. Therefore, we consider the interrelationship of digital, printed, radio and television media, considering that the current context of news production and circulation occurs through the production conditions of Computer-mediated Communication (CMC). Therefore, although cyber journalism is not the focus of this study, some of its characteristics are redistricted, from the point of view of DA, allowing us to develop the concept of cyber journalistic event. The fourth - and last - chapter of this thesis takes a look at all the research. Thus, we move two fundamental concepts for the theory of journalism: editor (spokesperson) and sources (subject sources). As a conclusion effect, we present a possible way to continue the proposal of contribution of the analysis of the pecheuxtian discourse to the journalistic formation, considering the different - and always changeable - materialities that constitute this professional activity.