Perfil epidemiológico dos pacientes com traumatismo crânio encefálico admitidos em uma unidade de tratamento intensivo de referência no sul do Brasil

Abstract

Background: The traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the main causes of mortality in young-adults, which generates important social and economic impacts. Objective: To trace the epidemiological profile of victims who suffered TBI and were admitted to a Reference Intensive Care Unit in southern Brazil. Method: Documental-based and retrospective study, which had as population victims of TBI admitted to a reference ICU for trauma, in a city in the south of Brazil. All participants were eligible in the unit during the period of January 2010 to January 2017. The Glasgow Coma Scale was used to classifying the gravity of the TBI. Results: In this study, 220 charts of victims of TBI were included. The majority was male (80.9%) and averagely were 38.63 years old (+ 19.42), being the minimum age 11 years old, and maximum of 93. Regarding the gravity of TBI, according to the GCS classification, 58.20% was considered severe, 28.20% moderate, and 12.7% mild. Among the most common causes are the automobile accidents, followed to hitches, fall from heights, and urban violence. In what concerns the disclosure, 32.9% evolved to death, and 67.1% obtained clinical discharge. Conclusion: The present study evidenced that traumatic brain injury affects, in greater proportion, young-adults, males, that automobile accidents represent the main mechanism for trauma, and that the severe TBI was the most prevalent among the hospital admissions. Keywords: Traumatic brain injury, Intensive Care Unit, Epidemiology.