O discurso de ódio na democracia brasileira: uma análise discursiva do processo de rejeição e de destituição da Presidenta Dilma Rousseff

Abstract

This research is based on the wish to think, from a linguistic perspective, how the values and fundamental rights of freedom and equality socially circulate. Along with human dignity, they constitute the backbone of our juridical order. In the face of social conflicts that put into question the way those values work, in this research we intend to understand different discursive movements overlapped in this process – antagonism, repetition, regularization, and displacement, among others. From this initial point, we decided to analyze the repercussion of the 2014 presidential election. Through the theoretical and methodological process of configuration of the discursive corpus, we conformed what we call, in this research, political, juridical and social process of rejection and destitution of Dilma Rousseff, strongly marked by the hate speech. Thus, our analytical look is directed to the rejection and destitution movements of Dilma Rousseff, on the one side, and by the movements of resistance on the other; as well as the hate speech produced in these movements. Then, we worked with two discursive formations: one of them represents the discursive movements of rejection and destitution, while the other represents the movements of resistance. In order to accomplish the purposes proposed in the research, our corpus is composed by manifestations of Brazilian citizens published in social medias during the repercussion to the electoral result of 2014 and by catchphrases produced during Dilma’s destitution process. They are manifestations that show a certain idea of freedom and equality in relation to the role of every citizen in the democratic process of choosing political representatives. Our reflections are based on the theoretical framework of Discourse Analysis (DA) such as conceived by Michel Pêcheux and developed by Eni Orlandi in Brazil.