Impacto da atividade física em mulheres na perimenopausa: fatores comportamentais e bioquímicos

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to contribute to the knowledege of women’s health in perimenopause phase and analyse the symptons related to this period with women’s quality of life. This period is characterized by a critical transition where several disturbances occurs due to endocrinous, psichological and biological alterations. This alterations generally are marked by periods of depression, anxiety and hormone levels alterations, particularly on strogens levels. Firstly it was conducted a bibliographic research with the objective of verify the effect of physical activity (PA) on psichological symptons of menopause period. After that, a transversal study was realized to evaluate BDNF, NGF e GDNF levels and the relation of these seric proteins levels with quality of life in climateric women. It was applied a questionnaire to identify socioeconomic, demographic and health behavior matters of these women. To evaluate quality of life it was administered Women’s Health Questionnaire (WHQ) and blood sample was colected from all sample. Statistical analyses were conducted using SPSS 21 and GraphPad Prism 6.0. Non-parametric test was performed and all values were presented as mean ± standart deviation. Spearman coeficent was used to analyse correlation between BDNF, GDNF, NGF and classifications of WHQ. p < 0,05 was cosidered significant. About serum NGF, the association between neurotrophic factor and WHQ presented a correlation between NGF and anxiety domain (r = 0,373, p ≤ 0,05) and attractiveness domain (r = 0,344, p ≤ 0,05). The literature review pointed that PA could promote reduction of stress and depressive symptons and better quality of life. Correlations between seric levels of BDNF, GDNF, NGF reveals that women who presented higher scores in anxiety and attractiveness domains had higher seric level of NGF in comparison with those who presented lower scores in these refered domains. Results suggests that this neutrophin could perform a relevant function related to behaviour during perimenopause period. Thus, more studies are needed to elucidate this question with te aim of reach clearly understanding of facts related to this period. The perspectives of this study are evaluate psichological and hormonal aspects by the effect of anaerobic ans aerobic training in cronic and acute phases, analyse cognitive function, control hormonal replacement, increase the number of participants and idealize PA as non-pharmacological treatment in perimenopause and all phases of women’s life.