O PRONATEC como política pública de inclusão produtiva: uma análise a partir dos cursos ofertados pelo Instituto Federal Sul-Riograndense em 2014

Abstract

This research approaches the theme of productive inclusion with its focal point on the National Program for Access to Vocational Education and Employability (Pronatec). It is a qualitative case study established at the Sul-rio-grandense Federal Institute for Education, Science and Technology - Pelotas Campus, 2014. The purpose was to understand how Pronatec contributed to the productive inclusion of workers who sought qualification through this program. Following are the main questions guiding this research: Which life story motivated the students to join Pronatec? How did the job search experience happen, after finishing the program? Initially, a bibliographic review was made, approaching the categories of structural duality in education, Employability and Exclusion. The field work used as main tools, the semi structured interview, having as core subjects, former Pronatec students. Research results demonstrate that Pronatec assists people who bring a life record of exclusion in elementary education, and at some point in their lives were not able to combine school with work. However, if the program foresees a comeback of the excluded subjects into the educational system, it does so in a radically different way than the one which assists students who did not experiment exclusion from the system. In this study, as Pronatec instituted itself in parallel with regular high school education, it established a second school system inside the same institution, whose education – withdrawn from the regular high school program – allocates precarious development to the fraction of the population that has been excluded from the school system. Through this perspective, we bring to discussion that the program, as a public policy, reinforces the structural duality in education. In this sense, the fast paced qualification offered in the Pronatec programs is one of the themes identified in the former students reports.This learning path, characterized by a fast paced and instrumental qualification did not bring to the interviewed subjects, whatsoever, the conviction that they have in fact a new profession. As a result, the reported experiences demonstrated that the interviewees, in general did not reenter the labor market in a better professional situation. It is argued that the type of qualification that Pronatec offers, in the “Brasil sem Miséria” program, aspires to rescue the poorer part of the population in order to promote inclusion, in a precarious and subservient way, as a peripheral work force.