Trauma na infância e resiliência na vida adulta de mulheres que engravidaram na adolescência

Abstract

Psychoanalysis has been bringing the idea there is a "filter" in our minds, and that this ability varies from person to person. In this context, decisive events, which may be called stressors, may alter the efficiency of this filter. The resilience may be understood as the ability to pass for adverse events and hold up well, adapting positively - "keeping filtering effectively." In psychoanalysis, considering trauma, this may be understood as a violent shock, which may break through the protective barrier of the ego and may cause lasting mental disorders on the individual organization. It is estimated that if a trauma occurs in childhood, psychological damage might occur to the individual, for the disorder caused by the negative event. This study aims to investigate the association between childhood trauma and resilience in adulthood of women who became pregnant in adolescence and whose children were between 24 and 36 months. Mothers were chosen from a randomized clinical trial which evaluated psychological intervention for the prevention of gestational depression and postpartum. This study turned into a cohort, and when the children were between 24 and 36 months old, the multidisciplinary assessment was conducted. The mothers answered a questionnaire on sociodemographic characteristics, an instrument for the childhood trauma in five domains (physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, physical neglect and emotional neglect) called The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire "CTQ"; and a scale for resilience proposed by Young & Wagnild. As a result, this dissertation was written and was published in the Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry. There were evaluated 539 dyads "mother-child" and it has been found mothers with lower resilience scores are those who suffered more trauma in childhood, especially those of emotional etiology.