Conhecimento da equipe de enfermagem acerca da terapia transfusional: construção de um manual assistencial de orientações básicas para transfusão de sangue

Abstract

Blood transfusion is a complex procedure that requires specific expertise. The knowledge and skills of the entire health care team are extremely important for safe transfusion. During the procedure, there may be risks and complications, some of which can be fatal. This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge of transfusion therapy among the nursing staff of a large, regional hospital in Southern Rio Grande do Sul. It is a quantitative and cross-sectional, hospital-based study. Interviews were conducted among 352 nursing staff that had treated patients with transfusion therapy indication, from May to June in 2015. Data collection was carried out using a self-administered questionnaire at the workplace and soon after it was analyzed using univariate statistics. The data showed a predominance of young and female professionals, with five years of training at most. The results evaluation confirmed that the nursing staff has had unsatisfactory knowledge (less than 70% accuracy) on transfusion therapy. It was also shown that the participants are interested in receiving training focusing on the subject. Based on the results it was prepared an assistential manual containing basic guidelines on blood transfusion, which will help these professionals to train their skills and it will serve as a guide in the hospitals where the research was conducted.