VALIDADE DA FOTOGRAMETRIA COMPUTADORIZADA NA DETECÇÃO DA ESCOLIOSE IDIOPÁTICA ADOLESCENTE

Abstract

Introduction and aims: Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis (AIS) is a three-dimensional alteration of the spine. Its etiology is unknown, and it starts at the beginning of puberty, and its progression is associated to the growth spurt. The movement angular analysis and the body posture would allow the physiotherapist to quantify and qualify the body posture/movement evaluation through static image, which is known as photogrammetry. This study was carried out to evaluate the validity and reliability of this instrument for the AIS detection in school exam. Subjects: fifth and eighth grade-students of elementary teaching at public and private schools from Pelotas. Methods: a cross-sectional study of school basis with digital image collection and radiographic exam in anteroposterior posture and profile. The sensitivity and the specificity of the photogrammetry were verified using three and two degrees of margin for the body surface inclination. Results: 314 students accomplished the computerized photogrammetry at the schools. Among them, 224 also accomplished the pattern radiological exam. The prevalence of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis found in this study was 4.5% (n=10), eight were girls and 2 were boys, with the average Cobb at 13.3º, average of 1.1 for vertebral rotation (Nash-Moe), dorsal kyphosis at 29.5º Cobb, iliolumbar angle at 3.6° and signs of Risser at 1.6. For three degrees, the sensitivity was 21.4% and the specificity was 90.7%. The sensitivity was 50% and the specificity was of 61.5% when two degrees were used. Based on these results, it was verified that the computerized photogrammetry cannot be accomplished as screening to detect scoliosis at schools