ENTRE O FRACASSO E O ÊXITO: HETEROGENEIDADE E DIVISÃO EM DISCURSOS DE SUICIDAS

Abstract

The main aim of this work is to analyze suicide notes and letters based on concepts from French Discourse Analysis. Taking into account the interdisciplinarity of the subject, this study is based not only on Michel Pêcheux, but also on the psychoanalyst Jacques Lacan and Jacqueline Authier-Revuz, from the field of enunciation. We attempt to understand in which ways suicide is constructed in these messages and which elements from the interdiscourse determine the saying of the subjects. Two large discursive movements were observed: the discourse of failure and the discourse of success. Within each of them, the Christian or traditional discursive formation was almost always present as a main influence. Such discursive movements appeared, at times, within the same sequence, putting into evidence the ambivalence of the subject. However, even in the messages that revealed only one of these tendencies, it was possible to identify the heterogeneity that constitutes saying. These noncoincidences are manifested mainly through negation, concession operators, quotation marks, allusion, irony, modalization, among others, indicating the crossing of other discourses in the sayings. In the space of contradiction and the equivocal, the subjects proved to be determined by ideology and unconsciousness, but not entirely submissive, as they are capable of breaking with the same (that is, with repetition) through polysemy. Finally, they proved to be structurally divided and far from being the intentional source of a homogenous word, consciously used as an instrument of communication. They are actually beings-in-fault, always desiring and incapable of controlling their saying, as they themselves are nothing but an effect of language