PREVALÊNCIA DE DISLEXIA E FATORES ASSOCIADOS EM ESCOLARES DO 1º AO 4º ANOS

Abstract

The aim of this paper is to describe the prevalence of dyslexia among students in two public schools in the city of Pelotas (RS). It investigates the associations between reading disorders and demographic/socioeconomic factors as well as emotional and behavior disorders. It also aims to verify the most frequent reading routes according to schooling. The design of the study was observational and cross-sectional, based on two public schools in the urban area, using a purposive sample of 540 students from the 1st grade to the 4th grade. A prevalence of dyslexia of 12,3% was verified after applying "TCLPP" and carrying out a hearing screening and I.Q. testes. This prevalence was more frequent in boys, in the two first schooling years, in economic classes D and E, and it is significantly associated with behavior disorder and hyperactivity. The higer the schooling level the better the reading, with a profile of independency between the phonological and lexical routes. The development of the lexical route was verified but without the same pattern in use of the phonological routes. It was also possible to detect the need for early intervention, assessment and reading disorder rehabilitation programs