Tradução e adaptação semântica da ferramenta SACS-RS de rastreamento precoce do autismo para o português brasileiro

Abstract

Introduction: The Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is characterized by significant deficits in communication and socialization, as well as repetitive and stereotyped behaviors. Its prevalence is estimated at 2.7%. Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial for a positive prognosis. Due to the absence of biomarkers, diagnosis relies on clinical assessment. Early screening instruments are commonly used, although not definitive, they expedite the investigation process, supporting or refuting a diagnosis. The Australian Social Attention and Communication Surveillance-Revised (SACS-R) tool, specifically designed for early ASD detection, has shown high accuracy and has been translated into eight languages in 11 countries. However, it has not yet been translated into Brazilian Portuguese. Objective: To semantically adapt the SACS-R early autism screening tool to the Brazilian cultural context for research purposes. Methods: Initially, the original version was translated by two independent translators and three electronic resources, resulting in a synthesis version. This version was evaluated by 10 judges (professionals with experience in autism, child development or psychometrics) for clarity, relevance, and appropriateness of each item, allowing for suggestions for modifications. A Content Validity Coefficient (CVC) was calculated for each item and the instrument as a whole. After data analysis and item modifications, a preliminary version was created. This version was administered to a target population of 24 subjects who rated the clarity and appropriateness of each item on a 1-5 scale. Participant scores and suggestions were analysed to create an adjusted version. Finally, this version was back-translated into English and sent to the original authors. Results: The overall CVC for the instrument was satisfactory (CVCt=0.97), indicating good agreement among experts. Likewise, the caregivers' assessment obtained a high average total score (4.77±0.19), indicating excellent understanding on the part of the sample. Conclusion: The translated version of the SACS-R demonstrated satisfactory levels of content validity and comprehension, making it suitable for use in research contexts in Brazil. Future studies should investigate various psychometric properties to ensure its full adaptation to Brazil.